[ad_1]
Vector-borne diseases are increasing worldwide due to climate changes, among other factors, and their long-term complications need to be studied to develop effective prevention strategies. Chikungunya is one of those emerging threats that may continue to have deadly implications even after three months of recovery from the infection, according to new research published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases. (Read also: Scientifically speaking | The first vaccine against chikungunya could change the rules of the game in global health)
Chikungunya virus is an arthropod-borne and mosquito-borne alphavirus. One of its most notable side effects is that it can cause severe pain and other problems in the joints of the body. Chronic arthritis due to the chikungunya virus develops in up to about 60 percent of infected people. It is transmitted by the mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Chikungunya is known for its serious complications that can even cause death, especially in the elderly. There is currently no treatment available for the infection, although a vaccine is being developed in the United States.
According to new Lancet research, people infected with the chikungunya virus continue to have a higher risk of death from its complications up to three months after infection. Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) analyzed almost 150,000 recorded chikungunya infections using data from the 100 million Brazilian cohort. According to the study, in the first week of infection, patients were 8 times more likely to die than unexposed people. They were still twice as likely to die from complications three months after infection. These complications included cardiovascular conditions such as ischemic heart disease, metabolic and kidney diseases, regardless of age group and sex.
What should be done to avoid complications of chikungunya?
“The persistent risks following chikungunya infection are concerning and should not be taken lightly. As the acute phase passes, complications such as arthritis, neurological problems and even death can persist for up to three months. Surveillance is key to monitoring symptoms such as joint pain, fever, and severe headaches Patients should prioritize rest, hydration, and pain control while seeking medical attention for any concerning developments Preventive measures, including eliminating mosquito breeding sites and “Use of repellents, remain paramount. Early detection and proper treatment are imperative to reduce the long-term burden of this often underestimated virus,” says Dr. Nidhin Mohan, Consultant Internal Medicine, Narayana Health City , Bengaluru.
“Elderly patients and those with pre-existing health problems such as diabetes and hypertension are most at risk. Unlike dengue and other viral fevers, chikungunya requires monitoring for 3 months or more as the symptoms are chronic. Historically, the “chikungunya has a low mortality, but there are few studies that follow up. Patients for more than 3 months have shown risk of death, many more studies are needed,” adds Dr. Nidhin.
“Chikungunya, although not usually fatal, can cause a variety of complications, especially in vulnerable populations. The risk of death can persist for up to three months after initial infection. Common complications include severe joint pain, symptoms similar to those of arthritis and neurological problems such as encephalitis. To prevent these complications, it is crucial to avoid mosquito bites by using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and staying indoors during peak mosquito activity hours. Additionally, staying hydrated and getting enough rest can help the body fight mosquito bites, infection and reduce the risk of complications. It is essential to seek medical attention if severe symptoms are experienced to receive appropriate treatment and follow-up,” says Dr. Ashutosh Shukla, consultant doctor and senior director of internal medicine at Max Hospital, Gurugram.